Deep-Sea Animal Species Look Like Mushrooms but Defy Classification
The new animal species Dendrogramma enigmaticaI, shown here, was pulled from the deep sea off Australia in 1986 but has only now been scientifically described. The opaque portion is its highly branched digestive canal. Two species are recognised and current evidence suggest that they represent an early branch on the tree of life, with similarities to the 600 million-year-old extinct Ediacara fauna.

Grimpoteuthis, also known as Dumbo octopuses from the ear-like fins protruding from the top of their head-like bodies, resembling the ears of Walt Disney’s flying elephant Dumbo. They are bathyal creatures, living at extreme depths of 3,000 to 4,000 metres, with some living up to 7,000 metres below sea level, which is the deepest of any known octopus.