“Editors note: An October 2012 genetic
study published in Science Magazine found that the Khoisan in southern
Africa are the oldest ethnic group of modern humans, with their
ancestral line originating about 100,000 years ago. The Khoisan,
formerly called by the derogatory term “Bushmen,” are genetically unique
and no other currently known population had separated so early from our
common modern human ancestor, according to the report.
The Khoisan live mainly in southern Africa, in territory spanning
Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. They are
largely divided into two groups — hunters and gathers (Sans people) and
keepers of livestock (Khoikhoi people). The Khoisan languages include
the distinctive click sounds that aren’t found in the languages of their
neighbors.
From the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic periods, hunting and
gathering cultures known as the Sangoan occupied southern Africa in
areas where annual rainfall is less than a metre (1000 mm; 40 in), and
today’s San and Khoi people resemble the ancient Sangoan skeletal
remains. These Late Stone Age people in parts of southern Africa were
the ancestors of the Khoisan people who inhabited the Kalahari Desert.
Probably due to their region’s lack of suitable candidates for
domestication, the Khoisan did not have farming or domesticated chickens
until a few hundred years ago, when they adopted the domesticated
cattle and sheep of the Bantu that had spread in advance of the people’s
actual arrival.
Khoisan is a term used by physical anthropologists to distinguish the
aboriginal people of southern Africa from their black African farming
neighbours.
The original San hunter-gatherer groups lived on this land for about 100
000 years before the arrival of other black people and European
settlers. When the pastoral KhoiKhoi appeared 2 000 years ago, they saw
people similar to them in physical appearance, but with a different
culture. They called these elders of the land ‘the San’, which means
‘people different from ourselves’. The San men usually hunted antelope
using bows and arrows smeared with poison. @therealblackhistorian”
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